Like every living thing, humanity has needed shelter from the moment it existed. In the early ages, people who met these sheltering needs by sheltering in caves started to live in wetlands after learning to farm. With the developing social order and the Industrial Revolution (1850), people started to migrate to cities quickly while living in wetlands in small communities. The cities that started to take shape around the industrial establishments emerged greatly. In our country, beginning with support Ataturk's Turkey "Industrialization Movement (1923)" it has started migration from rural to urban.
(Ratio of Urban Population to Rural Population 2010, EU-TURKEY-WORLD)
Istanbul was the city with the highest population growth. This wave of immigration, which started literally in the 1950s, caused unplanned urbanization and growth of Istanbul. People randomly made their own residences to the relatives of the industrial establishments where they found jobs, to new settlements that are seen as "out of town" and cheap. As the city grew, some of these “out of town” places gained importance over time and their population increased.
Kagithane, one of the places that grow in this way; While it was connected to Şişli district, it left in 1987 and was named Kağıthane. Kagithane, which is a region mostly used by industrial establishments and those working in these industrial establishments, completed the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge in 1988, completed the Büyükdere Avenue where it connects with the Bosphorus Bridge, and completed the TEM motorway and 2009 Taksim-Haciosman metro (Metro Istanbul History 2018) It has become a center of attraction in terms of transportation and has entered a rapid transformation.
This is in addition to (Disaster Risk Areas Under Transformation 2009) legislation in Turkey, "Urban Transformation" has come to mean the creation of the concept for the first time. With this legislative amendment, the transformation of unplanned, unidentified and disaster risk constructions has started.
However, attractions such as Kağıthane; the high cost could not be converted due to the large number of rights holders. These regions, whose population has increased rapidly, have revealed many problems with unplanned settlement. Problems such as traffic, noise, narrow streets that are not sufficient for the population, the problem of parking, the problem of green areas have started to affect human life in a bad way. In addition to these, the move of Galatasaray Türk Telekom Stadium to this region in 2011 caused approximately 40-50 thousand people to come and go to this region every week on match days.
The current traffic and parking problems have reached very critical levels with the construction of this stadium. While the stadiums of other big football teams in Istanbul are suitable for many different transportation routes, Türk Telekom stadium was built in an area where pedestrian and sea transportation is impossible. The fact that so many people come to this region where pedestrian transportation is impossible one day a week causes the traffic of some streets and streets in the region to be locked. In contrast, the large multi-storey car park did not meet the needs of the region.
As a result, while our cities and districts grew inexorably, our inability to adequately respond to the problems that came with this growth or to "patch" in other words did not eliminate or even enlarge our problems. The only thing to do for Kagithane district, which we give an example; preventing the increasing population with migration. In addition, instead of the solutions made for the benefit of only a few people, it is to create “definitive” structural solutions where all the benefits of everyone are considered.
INNOVATION CITY
We build this city by considering the housing, retail and buildings that unite the business world, traditional craftsmanship and future sustainable technologies. In addition, this center, which we anticipate to meet our country's industry and technology needs, is located in this region consisting of universities on 3 sides. We aim to ensure the continuity of this center by integrating students with this technology and industry center. Within this "innovation center" which will be a mixed center:
• Business centers suitable for the future "business" approach with their open spaces
• Workshops to unite students and industrialists
· • Exhibition areas to display the manufactured products
· • Student dormitories
· • Residental
· • Parks
· • Gardens
· • Squares
· • Pedestrian roads
· • Light rail systems
will be available.
DESIGN DECISIONS:
Our most important criterion determining the design is to ensure the existence of this center for at least 100 years.
While determining the Site Plan, the current human and vehicle density of this land was considered.
As we know from physics and urban design, there are some critical pressure points in rectangular settlements. An example is the pressure of a can with an arm inside the critical pressure points. Physicists lifted these pressure points to balance the internal and external pressure and made the cola boxes round. In urban planning, in a rectangular area, the pressure of some points increases over time. Round and elliptical forms have been considered in order to decrease this pressure occurring around the corner and to protect the importance of everywhere.
- In order to distinguish between pedestrian and vehicle density, completely pedestrianized roads and underpasses for vehicles are considered.
- Rising structures will form a whole and remind a statue.
SETTLEMENT DECISIONS:
· We will establish product exhibition centers on Büyükdere Avenue, the business volume of which is gradually increasing. We will establish a center that should attract the attention of everyone passing by.
· Again, on Büyükdere street, in an area close to the metro station, we will make the living spaces of the students.
· In order to control the growth of this "innovation center" over the years, we thought to which side it should grow.
· Business centers will be found in the northern part, which is close to the TEM highway. The growth axis will be north.
· Industrial establishments will be located on Yavuz Sultan Selim Avenue in order to be close to the region where the workers and workers families live.
References
«Afet Riski Altındaki Alanların Dönüşümü.» TOKİ. Afet Riski Altındaki Alanların Dönüşümü. Ankara, 2009.
«Kentsel Nüfusun Kırsal Nüfusa Oranı.» Çevre ve Şehircilik Bakanlığı. Çevresel Göstergeler. 2010.
«Metro İstanbul Tarihçesi.» İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi. Metro İstanbul Tarihçesi. İstanbul, 2018.
MUHAMMET KIRAZ
MMA+ DESIGN
ARHICTECT
The Transformation That Comes With Globalization and Urbanization: Kagıthane , Istanbul, Turkey
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